What is the primary treatment for a severe asthma attack?

The primary treatment for a severe asthma attack is a bronchodilator. During an asthma attack, the airways become inflamed and constricted, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs. Bronchodilators, particularly short-acting beta-agonists, work by relaxing the muscles surrounding the airways, which helps to open them up and improve airflow. This immediate relief is critical during an acute episode, as it can quickly alleviate symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.

While other treatments, like oxygen therapy, may be supportive in managing severe episodes, they do not directly address the underlying issue of airway constriction in the same way that a bronchodilator does. Inhaled corticosteroids are effective in managing chronic asthma and reducing inflammation over time, but they do not provide the rapid relief needed during a severe asthma attack. Antibiotics are not used in the treatment of asthma unless there is an underlying infection, which is not a core aspect of managing an asthma attack.