What is the airway effect of phosgene exposure?

Phosgene exposure is associated with pulmonary edema, which is a significant and dangerous consequence. Phosgene is a toxic gas that can cause damage to the lung tissue upon inhalation. When exposed to phosgene, the lungs can become inflamed and filled with fluid, leading to pulmonary edema.

This condition manifests as fluid accumulation in the alveoli, impairing gas exchange and resulting in symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and a sensation of tightness in the chest. The edema can occur hours after exposure and is particularly severe, making it a critical consideration in cases of phosgene inhalation.

Other options suggested—like acute coughing fits, bronchial spasms, or severe allergic reactions—may occur with different types of respiratory irritants or allergens but are not the hallmark symptoms of phosgene exposure. The development of pulmonary edema is a distinct and concerning effect that can lead to serious health consequences and requires immediate medical attention.