What is a common side effect of bronchodilator medications?

Bronchodilator medications are primarily used to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One of the common side effects of these medications, particularly the beta-agonists, is an increased heart rate, known as tachycardia. This occurs because these medications can stimulate the beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, leading to an increase in heart rate and contractility.

The action of bronchodilators mimics the body's natural fight-or-flight response, which is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and can result in cardiovascular effects, including elevation of heart rate. This side effect is significant for patients who may already have cardiovascular conditions or are taking other medications, highlighting the importance of monitoring heart rate when initiating bronchodilator therapy.