What does cor pulmonale refer to?

Cor pulmonale specifically refers to right-sided heart failure that occurs as a consequence of chronic lung disease or pulmonary hypertension. It is characterized by the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart due to increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries and the strain placed on the heart from lung-related issues such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or other conditions affecting the respiratory system. As the lungs become unable to efficiently exchange gases due to disease, the heart struggles to pump blood through the pulmonary circulation, leading to right-sided heart failure. Understanding this term is vital for recognizing the cardiovascular implications of chronic respiratory diseases and their management.