How does a respiratory infection impact lung function?

A respiratory infection significantly impacts lung function primarily by causing inflammation and airway constriction. When an infection occurs, such as in the case of bronchitis or pneumonia, the body’s immune response kicks in, leading to inflammation in the airways and lung tissues. This inflammation can cause the airways to become constricted and narrowed, making it more difficult for air to move in and out of the lungs.

Consequently, the individual may experience symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and decreased oxygen exchange. This reduced airflow can lead to further complications, especially in individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions.

While an infection may influence other factors related to lung function, such as mucus production, the predominant effect is the narrowing of the airways and the resultant deterioration in lung function. This understanding is crucial for addressing respiratory health and managing symptoms effectively during an infection.